The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Development Stages of Maize Crop in the Transylvanian Plain

Climate change has become the biggest global challenge, being a real danger especially for crops and an inevitable threat to food security. This paper presents results of study conducted in Transylvanian Plain during 2012–2021, regarding influence climatic factors, such as temperature, rainfall, water reserve soil hours sunshine, on development stages yield maize. During determined maize cultivation was above minimum requirements (1734.8 m3 ha−1) spring months, but fell below this limit months when consumption highest, without reaching withering index (1202.8 ha−1). The sunshine vegetation period have been significantly reduced from 1655.5 h (2012) values between 1174.6 1296.7 h, with significant decrease parameter observed. coefficient determination (R2 = 0.51) shows importance rainfall emergence reproductive organs production. 2019–2021, there decreasing trend temperatures May compared multiannual average month, therefore processes growth plants early were affected. study, all parameters analyzed (temperature, soil, sunshine) deviated average, negative variations Climatic conditions, growing season, crop, interaction several is manifested.